std::strtok

 

C++

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Technical Specifications

 

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Null-terminated byte strings

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isalnum isalpha islower isupper isdigit isxdigit isblank (C++11)	iscntrl isgraph isspace isprint ispunct tolower toupper
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String manipulation
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strlen strcmp strncmp strcoll strchr strrchr	strspn strcspn strpbrk strstr strtok
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Defined in header <cstring>
char* strtok( char* str, const char* delim );

Finds the next token in a null-terminated byte string pointed to by str. The separator characters are identified by null-terminated byte string pointed to by delim.

This function is designed to be called multiples times to obtain successive tokens from the same string.

• If str != NULL, the call is treated as the first call to strtok for this particular string. The function searches for the first character which is not contained in delim.

• If no such character was found, there are no tokens in str at all, and the function returns a null pointer.
• If such character was found, is it the beginning of the token. The function then searches from that point on for the first character that is contained in delim.

• If no such character was found, str has only one token, and the future calls to strtok will return a null pointer
• If such character was found, it is replaced by the null character '\0' and the pointer to the following character is stored in a static location for subsequent invocations.

• The function then returns the pointer to the beginning of the token

• If str == NULL, the call is treated as a subsequent calls to strtok: the function continues from where it left in previous invocation. The behavior is the same as if the previously stored pointer is passed as str.

Parameters

str	-	pointer to the null-terminated byte string to tokenize
delim	-	pointer to the null-terminated byte string identifying delimiters

Return value

Pointer to the beginning of the next token or NULL if there are no more tokens.

Notes

This function is destructive: it writes the '\0' characters in the elements of the string str. In particular, a string literal cannot be used as the first argument of strtok.

Each call to this function modifies a static variable: is not thread safe.

Unlike most other tokenizers, the delimiters in strtok can be different for each subsequent token, and can even depend on the contents of the previous tokens.

Example

Run this code

#include <cstring>
#include <iostream>
 
int main() 
{
    char input[100] = "A bird came down the walk";
    char *token = std::strtok(input, " ");
    while (token != NULL) {
        std::cout << token << '\n';
        token = std::strtok(NULL, " ");
    }
}

Output:

A
bird
came
down
the
walk

See also

strpbrk	finds the first location of any character from a set of separators (function)
strcspn	returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters not found in another byte string (function)
strspn	returns the length of the maximum initial segment that consists of only the characters found in another byte string (function)
C documentation for strtok