uEmacs - Mikroemacs
Mikroemacs on ns. ASCII-editori, joka käsittelee tavallisia tekstitiedostoja.
Mikroemacsilla voi kirjoittaa ja muokata tavallisina tekstitiedostoina talletettavia tekstejä. Jos tiedosto Linuxin cat-komennolla tulostettuna näkyy selväkielisenä, tiedostoa todennäköisesti voi muokata Mikroemacsilla.
Mikroemacs tunnetaan myös nimillä uEmacs ja µEmacs. Mikroemacsistakin on useita versioita olemassa, mutta niiden käytössä ei ole suuria eroja.
Kannattaa huomata myös ohjelma nimeltä Emacs. Emacs on jo kunnioitettavaan ikään päässyt editori, josta nykyisin luultavasti eniten käytetty versio on GNU-Emacs. Mikroemacs on hyvin laajasta Emacsista tehty pieni ja nopea editori, joka toimii kaikenlaisissa tietokoneissa.
Käynnistys
Mikroemacs käynnistyy komennolla
ue tiedostonnimi
jossa parametrina annetaan käsiteltävän tiedoston nimi. Lisää tietoa käynnistyskomennosta ja -parametreista on manuaalisivulla: man ue.
Ohjeet
Mikroemacissa on sisäänrakennettu ohjetoiminto, tämä help käynnistyy näppäilemällä esc ? tai komennolla M-X help. Tässä, kuten muuallakin Mikroemacs-ohjeissa, M tarkoittaa meta-näppäintä, joka vastaa PC-koneissa esc-näppäintä. Ohjeen saa pois näppäilemällä ctrl+x ctrl+0 (nolla).
Mikroemacsin ohjetiedosto:
=> uEmacs/PK 4.0 HELP INDEX .. The very basics .. Cursor movement .. File commands .. Miscellaneous character commands .. Mode commands .. Keys and commands .. Deleting and inserting .. Formatting .. Window commands .. Buffer commands .. Searching and replacing .. Accessing the operating system .. Macro commands .. Miscellaneous .. Functions .. System variables .. File name completion ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => THE VERY BASICS Notations: ^X meansand X. The key is on most systems. Exiting: ^G aborts almost any operation. ^X ^C will get you out of uEmacs. A BUFFER is a named area containing a FILE being edited. Many buffers may be active at once. Many WINDOWS may be active at once on the screen. All windows may show different parts of the same buffer, or each may display a different one. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => CURSOR MOVEMENT Backward character .... ^B Forward character ..... ^F Previous word ......... Meta B Next word ............. Meta F Beginning of line ..... ^A End of line ........... ^E Previous line ......... ^P Next line ............. ^N Previous paragraph .... Meta P Next paragraph ........ Meta N Previous page ......... ^Z Next page ............. ^V Beginning of file ..... Meta < End of file ........... Meta > ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => FILE COMMANDS Find file ............. ^X ^F Quick exit ............ Meta Z View file ............. ^X ^V Exit emacs ............ ^X ^C Insert file ........... ^X ^I Change file name ...... ^X N Filter buffer ......... ^X # Save file ............. ^X ^D Read file ............. ^X ^R Write file ............ ^X ^W Execute file .......... not bound ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => MISCELLANEOUS CHARACTER COMMANDS Newline ............... ^M Transpose characters .. ^T Newline and indent .... ^J Trim line ............. ^X ^T Open line ............. ^O Handle tab ............ ^I Quote character ....... ^X Q Insert space .......... ^C Goto line ............. Meta G Abort command ......... ^G Goto matching fence ... Meta ^F ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => MODE COMMANDS Add mode .............. ^X M Add global mode ....... Meta M Delete mode ........... ^X ^M Delete global mode .... Meta ^M OVER :: Overwrite, don't insert MAGIC :: Match patterns in search WRAP :: Automatic carriage return ^ $ Beginning and end of line VIEW :: View only, don't change . Any character \c Character c CMODE :: C program indenting c* Any number of character c EXACT :: Match case in search [ ] Character class ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => KEYS AND COMMANDS Bind to key ........... Meta K Help .................. Meta ? Unbind key ............ Meta ^K Apropos ............... Meta A Describe key .......... ^X ? Abort command ......... ^G Describe bindings ..... not bound Meta prefix ........... Esc :: Although meta-prefix can be bound to Cntlx prefix .......... ^X :: some other key, no other command can Execute named command . Meta X :: be bound to Esc. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => DELETING AND INSERTING Delete previous character ^H Delete next character . ^D Delete previous word .. Meta ^H Delete next word ...... Meta D Kill to end of line ... ^K Set mark .............. Meta Space Kill region ........... ^W Yank .................. ^Y Kill paragraph ........ Meta ^W Exchange point and mark ^X ^X Delete blank lines .... ^X ^O :: A region is defined as the area between Copy region ........... Meta W :: the mark and the current position. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => FORMATTING Case word upper ....... Meta U Case word lower ....... Meta L Case region upper ..... ^X ^U Case region lower ..... ^X ^L Case word capitalize .. Meta C Trim line ............. ^X ^T Detab line ............ ^X ^A Set fill column ....... ^X F Entab line ............ ^X ^E Fill paragraph ........ Meta Q Change screen size .... Meta ^D Justify paragraph ..... Meta J Change screen width ... Meta ^T ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => WINDOW COMMANDS Split current window .. ^X 2 Next window ........... ^X O Delete other windows .. ^X 1 Previous window ....... ^X P Delete window ......... ^X 0 Scroll next up ........ Meta ^Z Grow window ........... ^X Z Scroll next down ...... Meta ^V Shrink window ......... ^X ^Z Resize window ......... ^X W Move window up ........ ^X ^P Save window ........... not bound Move window down ...... ^X ^N Restore window ........ not bound ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => BUFFER COMMANDS Next buffer ........... ^X X Buffer position ....... ^X = Select buffer ......... ^X B Unmark buffer ......... Meta ~ List buffers .......... ^X ^B Delete buffer ......... ^X K Write message ......... not bound Name buffer ........... Meta ^N Clear message line .... not bound Filter buffer ......... ^X # Pipe command .......... ^X @ Execute buffer ........ not bound ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => SEARCHING AND REPLACING Search forward ........ Meta S :: End string with Meta. Incremental search .... ^X S :: Search next ^X, stop Meta, cancel ^G. Search reverse ........ ^R Reverse incremental search Hunt forward .......... Alt-S ....................... ^X R Hunt backward ......... Alt-R Replace string ........ Meta R Query replace string .. Meta ^R :: Yes/no Y/N, replace rest !, cancel ^G. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => ACCESSING THE OPERATING SYSTEM Quick exit ............ Meta Z :: Write out all changed buffers and exit. Exit emacs ............ ^X ^C :: Exit without automatic save. I shell ............... ^X C :: Start a new command processor. Shell command ......... ^X ! :: Execute one operating system command. Pipe command .......... ^X @ :: Pipe command results to a new buffer. * Filter buffer ......... ^X # :: Filter buffer through a program. * Execute program ....... ^X $ :: * Not under VMS. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => MACRO COMMANDS Begin macro ........... ^X ( End macro ............. ^X ) Execute macro ......... ^X E Store macro ........... not bound Execute macro nn ...... not bound Store procedure ....... not bound Execute procedure ..... Meta ^E ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => MISCELLANEOUS Universal argument .... ^U Set mark .............. Meta Space Clear and redraw ...... ^L Exchange point and mark ^X ^X Redraw display ........ Meta ^L Execute named command . Meta X Insert string ......... not bound Execute command line .. not bound Overwrite string ...... not bound Set encryption key .... Meta E Wrap word ............. not bound Count words ........... Meta ^C Update screen ......... not bound ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => SYSTEM VARIABLES Set ................... Meta ^A Current buffer name ... $cbufname Tabulator (4, 8)....... $tab Current file name ..... $cfname Screen resolution ..... $sres :: NORMAL, CGA, EGA, VGA Display commands ...... $discmd :: TRUE, FALSE Scrolling enabled ..... $scroll :: TRUE, FALSE, can only be reset Scrolling movement .... $jump :: # lines, default 1, 0 = 1/2 page Page overlap .......... $overlap :: # lines, default 0, 0 = 1/3 page ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => FUNCTIONS &neg, &abs, &add, &sub, &tim, &div, &mod ... Arithmetic &equ, &les, &gre ........................... Arithmetic comparisons ¬, &and, &or ............................ Logical &lef s len, &rig s pos, &mid s pos len ..... Substring &cat, &len, &upp, &low, &asc, &chr ......... Other string operations &seq, &sle, &sgr ........................... String comparisons &sin ....................................... String index ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- => FILE NAME COMPLETION File name completion can be used with all file commands (find-file, view-file, ...) but it works only under UNIX and MS-DOS. It is invoked by a or . If there exist more than one possible completions they are displayed one by one. If the file name contains wild card characters, the name is expanded instead of simple completion. Special characters can be entered verbatim by prefixing them with ^V (or ^Q). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------