Re: PCI code: why need outb (0x01, 0xCFB); ?

[Richard B. Johnson]

On Wed, 8 Jan 2003, H. Peter Anvin wrote:

> Nakajima, Jun wrote:
> >
> > Normally all accesses should be long (0xcf8/0xcfc) but x86 is byte addresseable and some chipsets do support byte accesses. 
> > We do not encourage use of byte accesses as it will not be supported in future platforms.
> > 
> 
> The PCI standard is quite explicit: byte accesses are permitted to the
> data window (0xCFC) and not permitted to the address window (0xCF8).
> Accepting byte accesses to the address window, or not supporting byte
> accesses to the data window, *will* result in breakage (I can attest to
> this fact quite well.)
> 
> 	-hpa
> 

After power-on reset, or a hardware reset if provided (not SW
reset), you do a byte-write to CSE (Configuration Space Enable).
CSE is at 0xCF8. The 8-bit field is:
00000000B
   |  ||_________ SCE (special cycle enable)
   |  |__________ <1,3> Target function number
   |_____________ non-zero = enable configuration

This is done by the BIOS because once the enable configuration bits
are set, all accesses are supposed to be 32 bits.

There is also another byte-port at 0xCFA this is called the
forward register and it must be set before enabling configuration
transactions. This register identifies one of 256 possible
PCI buses.

None of the 8-bit registers are supposed to be touched (they
are not accessible) after configuration transactions are
enabled. All of the configuration registers are specified
as numbered doubleword registers, from 0 to 15. Attempting to
read or write less than a doubleword can stop the bus interface
state-machine, locking up everything. This is because many of
the physical lines are shared (see IDSEL, muxed to address lines).
If the exact step-by-step bus activity for which it was designed,
does not occur, all bets are off!

This was hinted by "Nakajima, Jun" <[e-mail]>. 

Cheers,
Dick Johnson
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