⁴⁸While the Four Noble Truths indicate that extinguishing desire accomplishes the goal of removing suffering, aversion (or hate) and ignorance (or delusion) are usually added to the list of phenomena that have to be extinguished, see e.g. Samyutta Nikaya 38.1. (The exact meaning of ignorance/delusion in this context is quite controversial.) Such lists come in various lengths, and ultimately may contain almost all mental phenomena, as when the Buddha says that he teaches “for the elimination of all standpoints, decisions, obsessions, adherences, and underlying tendencies, for the stilling of all formations, for the relinquishing of all attachments, for the destruction of craving, for dispassion, for cessation, for Nibbana.” (Majjhima Nikaya 22). It should also be noted that the conception of nibbāna or nirvana is quite variable among different Buddhist schools. For a detailed account of the early Buddhist view, see Harvey (1995). In later Buddhism, there is more emphasis on the extinction of conceptual thinking—as when Nagarjuna says that nirvāna is “the calming of all verbal differentiations” (Williams, 2008b, p. 75)—and realization of the “nature of mind” (Kyabgon, 2015, e.g.,p. 156) which is an advanced form of meta-awareness.